Dossier n. 161/2008 [Abstract] Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and consumption of systemic antibiotics in Emilia-Romagna. Report 2006

This report includes data obtained through the regional system for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Emilia-Romagna in 2006. For some organisms (mainly those isolated from blood cultures), the trends of resistance over the 2003-2006 period are presented. The report also includes regional consumption data of systemic antibiotics from 2003 to 2005, in community and hospitals. More detailed analyses were performed for prescriptions at community level.

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance

High prevalences of antimicrobial resistance are found in 2006 as already observed in the previous three years. Particular concerns are raised by the increasing resistance of some Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae) to third generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides.

Consumption of systemic antibiotics

Data on consumptions show an heavy exposure of regional population to systemic antibiotics. Rates are higher in extreme age groups (0-6 years and ≥80 years). Penicillins associated to beta-lactamase inhibitors are the most used agents both in community and hospital settings. A frequent use of fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, not explained by the occurrence of conditions for which these antibiotics are usually recommended, is also observed.

Conclusion

According with these results, there is a need of changing prescriptions practices of physicians in the region. A figure of heavy exposure to systemic antibiotics and high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is observed by comparing Emilia-Romagna to other European countries. The strategies to reduce antibiotic prescriptions should be implemented by setting priorities and identifying specific interventions.